Winding for dynamo-electric machines.



No. 685,966. Patented Nov. 5, I90l. J. B. BLOOD. WINDING FOR DY NAMOELECTRIGIACHINES.

(Application filed In. 1, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No llodel.)

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Q/NVENTOI? 2H. 03M @w W/ TNE SSE S No. 685.966. Patented Nov. 5, l90l.J. B. BLOOD.

WINDING FOB DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

(Application filed. Mar. 1, 1901. (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE.

JOHN BALOI'I BLOOD, OF NEWBURYPORT, MASSACHUSETTS.

WINDING FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 685,966, dated November5, 1901.

I Application filed March 1. 1901. Serial No. 49,463. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN BALCH BLOOD, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Newburyport,in the county of Essex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inlVindings for Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

Myinvention consists of a counterpart machine-formed coil adapted for aunilayer winding, with means and methods for its construction.

My invention is applicable to all sorts of dynamo-electric machineswhere successive counterpart coils and a unilayer are the desiderata.Atthe present time the two places of greatest applicability are in thecase of armatures of direct-current machines and in the phasewinding ofalternating-current machines.

Now while each of the above-mentioned desideratanamely, formedcounterpart coils and unilayer-is in itself sought as an end they are incombination more desirable on account of the coincident advantages ofboth factors.

Form-windings up to the present may be divided into two classes first,counterpart coils with two-layer windings; second, non-counterpart coilswith unilayer windings. These may be distinguished by the followinggeneric features: The counterpart two-layer windings have a completeturn at the end of the coil and reversal of the order of the wires inthe two limbs normal to the plane of the coil. The non-counterpartunilayer coils make the pass at the ends by an offset and the order ofthe wires in the two limbs reversed tangentially to the plane of thecoil.

I will now define the terms used above and in this specification. Theterm coil is used as the complete entity from a mechanical standpoint,which is detachable from the remainder of the winding as a whole. Thiscoil may be subdivided into smaller units, which I term bobbins. I termthe whole grouping of the wires the winding. The straight portions ofthe coil, which in an armature, for example, lie along the periphery ofthe core, are termed sides, while those portions which contain the passare termed ends.

The pass isthatbend or variation of the coil to allow it.- to pass othercoils and mesh with them. The pass-bend is designated a turn when thedirection of the wire is changed one hundred and eighty degrees in thebend. It is designated an offset when the direction is unchanged, butthe axis of the wire moved out of line. The plane of the coil is theplane of the two sides. It will be observed that normal and tangentialfunctions of the plane are respectively radial and circumferentialfunctions of an armature or phase winding with cylindrical rotor.

To further define the difference between a turn and an offset, I wouldmention that a turn serves best for a wire winding of radial sequence,while an offset is used with winding of circumferential sequence.

Layers are considered in the tangential plane, and with two layers oneis normally over the other.

The attainment or object of my invention is a system of winding giving acoil having the advantages of both the counterpart twolayer and thenon-counterpart unilayer coils, besides other advantages, among which isa simultaneous winding of the several bobbins in a given coil.

The above-mentioned counterpart winding has for its chief and almostsole advantage the fact of its being counterpart. The unilayer coil hasmany advantages over the twolayer coils. Up to the present time no onehas been able to make a successful unilayer coil which was at the sametime counterpart.

Theadvantages of the unilayer coil are that no high potential differenceexists in one slot and that the insulation for a given amount of coppersection is relatively less. On account of this last feature a cheapermachine for a given output can be built.

My invention gives acoil which has all the above advantages and besidesa less overall length over the ends for a given length of side, a betterarrangement of end connection,

and a form of coil which admits of winding the bobbins simultaneously.The pass is accomplished by a double offset-one offset near each end ofthe coil and one offset at each end of one useful side. drawingsherewith.)

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows three views of a coil adaptedfor a four-pole (Shown clearly in the armature. Fig. 3 shows aperspective view of this same coil. Fig. 4 shows end view of an armatureusing the coil shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 5 shows the end view ofanarmature using a two-pole coil. Fig. o gives end viewshowing genericfeature of the coil. This coil is drawn with reference to the flatsurface. Fig. 7 shows an end view for a coil on an armature, and Fig. 8shows an end view of a coil for a phase-winding of analternating-current machine. Fig. 9 shows development of a series ofcoils, showing how they lie with reference to each other and how thepass is accomplished.

Further referring to the drawings, S, S and S in Fig. 1 and S S in Fig.2 all indicate sides of the coil. E and E in Fig. 1 and E and E in Fig.3 indicate the ends of the coil. The offsets are shown best in Fig. 3 atrespectively 0 O O 0 Fig. 2 shows the characteristic feature ofhorizontal winding in the layers and the relation of the layers to thecoil as a whole. This coil is drawn consisting of five bobbins of threeturns each per bobbin, each bobbin having its correspondingsegment inthe commutator. The winding would bein sequence, as the figuresindicate. If the wires started in No. 1 of section Ct b, it would goover on this limb of the armature and return in No. 1 of section 011,going over again on No. 2 of section a b, returning in No. 2 of section0 cl, and finally completing the coil by going over on No.3 of section al) and returning in No.3 of section 0 (1. Consequently the leads wouldbe in such a case taken from the No. 1 wires of section a b and from theNo. 3 wires of section 0 d. The winding, of course, could be reversed,and the No. 1 of section 0 (Z and the No. 3 wires of section ab could berespectively the leads of the bobbins. This Fig. 2 shows the separatelayers vertically superimposed with horizontal winding in each layer. Ascompared with most of the existing plural bobbin-coils this isdistinctly different. At

present individual coils are wound vertically and stand in planes sideby side around the periphery of the armature. If we use the same Fig. 2,the present style of winding might be indicated by considering the fivewires numbered 1 as being in one coil, the five wires numbered 2 beingthe second coil, and the five wires numbered 3 being the third coil.This will be true only considering one sectionas, for instance, sectiona l). The relation in the other section would be different.

An important feature of this invention is the possibility of windingsimultaneously the layers of the coil where the wires in each layer makeone unit of the winding and are connected to one segment of thecommutator. Here referring to Fig. 2, the five layers may be woundsimultaneously, the ends marked No. 1 of section a b and the ends markedNo. 3 of section cd being, respectively, the ends of the several windingunits.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is

1. In a dynamo-electric machine a winding composed of detachablecounterpart coils the ends of which connect the sides by means of abend, in the circumferential plane of the sides, an offset toward theaxis of the armature, and an offset away from the axis, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine a winding composed of detachablecounterpart coils the layers of which are in vertical relation and eachlayer wound horizontally, substantially as described.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine a winding com posed ofdetachablecounterpart coils, the successive turns in each layer of which beingaway from the center line between the sides of the coil, substantiallyasdescribed.

4. In a dynamo-electric machine a winding composed of detachablecounterpart coils each coil having its layers wound horizontally andsymmetrically with reference to a center line between the sides,substantially as described.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine a winding composed of detachablecounterpart coils having the component layers of said coil woundsimultaneously substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN BALOI'I BLOOD.

Witnesses:

LOUIS L. Donen, JOSHUA IIALE.

